The Parisian club has now secured the season-opening cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.